the joints between segmental rings can withstand a certain amount of bending moment as well as axial and shear forces. generally, in the structural analysis of tunnel segmental lining, the joints can be modeled as elastic hinges or rotational springs, and their rigidity should be demonstrated in terms of the rigidity of the joints or their rotational stiffness. therefore, the bending moment act...

The joints between segmental rings can withstand a certain amount of bending moment as well as axial and shear forces. Generally, in the structural analysis of tunnel segmental lining, the joints can be modeled as elastic hinges or rotational springs, and their rigidity should be demonstrated in terms of the rigidity of the joints or their rotational stiffness. Therefore, the bending moment act...

the eight years of the imposed war was full of successes and defeats, brilliant and bad memories. this holly defense taught us many valuable lessons. by the time this war was imposed, our country was recovering from the aftermaths of the revolution and the armed forces were not in perfect state. though, our armed forces accompanied with our brave people could stop the invaders. recapturing oper...